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Hydrocarbon resources (gas and oil) are commonly found in permeable materials such as sand, sandstone and limestone. These sedimentary layers are capped by impermeable rocks that form underground traps, effectively containing the oil and gas. Sedimentary basins, which often extend over large areas, can host numerous reservoirs connected by a shared aquifer. In this arrangement, liquid extraction from one reservoir can affect pressure in neighboring reservoirs, causing a decline in pressure through liquid communication via the aquifer.
