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Adenosine diphosphate is a nucleotide composed with the nitrogenous purine base of adenine, the sugar components of D-ribose and two phosphates (phosphoric acid residues). ADP as well as ATP are among the macro-compounds whose hydrolysis releases a large amount of energy, which is also due to electrostatic repulsions between negatively charged oxygen atoms.
ADP is produced from the hydrolysis of ATP while releasing energy:
ATP + H₂O → ADP + P.
The released energy can be used for endergonic reactions.