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The **vacuum flask** maintains the temperature of hot and cold liquids by thermally insulating them from their surroundings. The key component enabling this process is a double-walled glass bottle. The vacuum between the double walls of the bottle minimizes heat transfer, as fewer molecules inside the walls reduce the heat loss by convection and conduction. The glass is also coated with a silvered surface to reflect infrared radiation, further reducing heat loss due to radiation. The vacuum flask was invented by Sir James Dewar in 1892 and is also known as a Dewar flask or Dewar bottle. Vacuum flasks are commonly used at home to keep beverages hot or cold for extended periods. They also have various industrial applications.
