Step Voltage Hazard

When current flows down a tree and into the soil, a significant difference in electrical potential can develop, resulting in what is known as a "step voltage." As the charge disperses through the ground, people or animals nearby may unintentionally conduct this potentially lethal current. If someone steps in the direction of the voltage gradient, they could be exposed to dangerous electrical potential. In the case of "step potential" or step voltage, electricity flows when there is a difference in potential between a person’s two legs. This hazard can occur even at a significant distance from the source of the current, with the risk increasing as more current enters the ground. Factors such as soil resistance and layering play a crucial role in determining how severe the hazard will be. High soil resistance tends to amplify the step potential, making the situation more dangerous. During a lightning storm, it is recommended that a person crouch with their feet close together to minimize the risk of step potential and reduce the chance of being struck by lightning directly.