Electroscope and Motion of Particles

An **electroscope** is a device designed to detect electric charges by observing the principles of attraction and repulsion. In this model, a positively charged glass rod is brought into contact with the electroscope's connector. Upon contact, charge equalization occurs between the glass rod, the metal rod, and the electroscope's pointer, causing electrons to move toward the glass rod. As a result, the metal rod and the pointer both become positively charged, leading them to repel each other. The electroscope was the first instrument designed for measuring eletric charge. The earliest electroscope, known as a versorium, was invented by William Gilbert around 1600. Two classic electroscope types still used in physics education today are the pith-ball electroscope and the gold-leaf electroscope, both of which demonstrate electrostatic principles. A specialized version of the electroscope is used in the quartz fiber radiation dosimeter to measure radiation exposure.