Eurasian Bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula)

The genus *Pyrrhula* comprises eight bullfinch species, all robust birds with stocky bodies and strong beaks, native exclusively to the Eurasian continent. Three species, the orange bullfinch, red-headed bullfinch, and brown bullfinch, are found in the foothills of the Himalayas. The Azores bullfinch and white-cheeked bullfinch are endemic to the Azores and the Philippines, respectively. Apart from the Azores bullfinch, all bullfinch species are common within their ranges. The Eurasian bullfinch inhabits the largest area, spanning almost the entire Eurasian temperate zone, with an extension into northern regions. European populations generally do not migrate beyond the Mediterranean, while Asian populations migrate as far as the Caspian Sea but do not cross the Himalayas. Bullfinches are primarily vegetarian, feeding on seeds and flower buds from plants and fruit trees. However, during nesting season, they consume various insects and feed their nestlings in the same manner. Their nests are typically bowl-shaped, constructed among tree branches. The Eurasian bullfinch is most commonly found in coniferous forests, and in Central Europe, typically inhabits higher altitudes. Perhaps the most famous Eurasian bullfinch is the one depicted sitting on Grandfather Frost's crutch in a traditional Russian fairy tale.